#ifndef __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_TREE_H
#define __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_TREE_H

#include <stl_algobase.h>
#include <stl_alloc.h>
#include <stl_construct.h>
#include <stl_function.h>

__STL_BEGIN_NAMESPACE 

typedef bool __rb_tree_color_type;

const __rb_tree_color_type __rb_tree_red = false;

const __rb_tree_color_type __rb_tree_black = true;

struct __rb_tree_node_base
{
	typedef __rb_tree_color_type color_type;
	
	typedef __rb_tree_node_base* base_ptr;

	color_type 					 color; 
	base_ptr 					 parent;
	base_ptr 					 left;
	base_ptr 					 right;

	static base_ptr minimum(base_ptr x){
		while (x->left != 0) 
			x = x->left;
		return x;
	}

	static base_ptr maximum(base_ptr x){
		while (x->right != 0) 
			x = x->right;
		return x;
	}
};

template <class Value>
struct __rb_tree_node : public __rb_tree_node_base
{
	typedef __rb_tree_node<Value>* link_type;
	Value value_field;
};


struct __rb_tree_base_iterator
{
	typedef __rb_tree_node_base::base_ptr base_ptr;
	typedef bidirectional_iterator_tag 	iterator_category;
	typedef ptrdiff_t 					difference_type;
	base_ptr 								node;

	void increment(){
		if (node->right != 0) {
			node = node->right;
			while (node->left != 0)
				node = node->left;
		}else{
			base_ptr y = node->parent;
			while (node == y->right){
				node = y;
				y = y->parent;
			}
			if (node->right != y)
			node = y;
		}
	}

	void decrement(){
		if (node->color == __rb_tree_red && node->parent->parent == node)
			node = node->right;
		else if (node->left != 0) {
			base_ptr y = node->left;
			while (y->right != 0)
				y = y->right;
			node = y;
		}else {
			base_ptr y = node->parent;
			while (node == y->left) {
				node = y;
				y = y->parent;
			}
			node = y;
		}
	}
};

template <class Value, class Ref, class Ptr>
struct __rb_tree_iterator : public __rb_tree_base_iterator
{
	typedef Value 													value_type;
	typedef Ref 													reference;
	typedef Ptr 													pointer;
	typedef __rb_tree_iterator<Value, Value&, Value*>             	iterator;
	typedef __rb_tree_iterator<Value, const Value&, const Value*> 	const_iterator;
	typedef __rb_tree_iterator<Value, Ref, Ptr>                   	self;
	typedef __rb_tree_node<Value>* 									link_type;

	__rb_tree_iterator() {}
	__rb_tree_iterator(link_type x) { node = x; }
	__rb_tree_iterator(const iterator& it) { node = it.node; }

	reference operator*() const { return link_type(node)->value_field; }

	pointer operator->() const { return &(operator*()); }


	self& operator++() { increment(); return *this; }
	
	self operator++(int) {
		self tmp = *this;
		increment();
		return tmp;
	}
    
	self& operator--() { decrement(); return *this; }
	
	self operator--(int) {
		self tmp = *this;
		decrement();
		return tmp;
	}
};

inline bool operator==(const __rb_tree_base_iterator& x, const __rb_tree_base_iterator& y) 
{
	return x.node == y.node;
}

inline bool operator!=(const __rb_tree_base_iterator& x, const __rb_tree_base_iterator& y) 
{
	return x.node != y.node;
}

#ifndef __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION

inline bidirectional_iterator_tag
iterator_category(const __rb_tree_base_iterator&) {
  return bidirectional_iterator_tag();
}

inline __rb_tree_base_iterator::difference_type*
distance_type(const __rb_tree_base_iterator&) {
  return (__rb_tree_base_iterator::difference_type*) 0;
}

template <class Value, class Ref, class Ptr>
inline Value* value_type(const __rb_tree_iterator<Value, Ref, Ptr>&) {
  return (Value*) 0;
}

#endif /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */

inline void 
__rb_tree_rotate_left(__rb_tree_node_base* x, __rb_tree_node_base*& root)
{
  __rb_tree_node_base* y = x->right;
  x->right = y->left;
  if (y->left !=0)
    y->left->parent = x;
  y->parent = x->parent;

  if (x == root)
    root = y;
  else if (x == x->parent->left)
    x->parent->left = y;
  else
    x->parent->right = y;
  y->left = x;
  x->parent = y;
}

inline void 
__rb_tree_rotate_right(__rb_tree_node_base* x, __rb_tree_node_base*& root)
{
  __rb_tree_node_base* y = x->left;
  x->left = y->right;
  if (y->right != 0)
    y->right->parent = x;
  y->parent = x->parent;

  if (x == root)
    root = y;
  else if (x == x->parent->right)
    x->parent->right = y;
  else
    x->parent->left = y;
  y->right = x;
  x->parent = y;
}

inline void 
__rb_tree_rebalance(__rb_tree_node_base* x, __rb_tree_node_base*& root)
{
  x->color = __rb_tree_red;
  while (x != root && x->parent->color == __rb_tree_red) {
    if (x->parent == x->parent->parent->left) {
      __rb_tree_node_base* y = x->parent->parent->right;
      if (y && y->color == __rb_tree_red) {
        x->parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
        y->color = __rb_tree_black;
        x->parent->parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
        x = x->parent->parent;
      }
      else {
        if (x == x->parent->right) {
          x = x->parent;
          __rb_tree_rotate_left(x, root);
        }
        x->parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
        x->parent->parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
        __rb_tree_rotate_right(x->parent->parent, root);
      }
    }
    else {
      __rb_tree_node_base* y = x->parent->parent->left;
      if (y && y->color == __rb_tree_red) {
        x->parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
        y->color = __rb_tree_black;
        x->parent->parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
        x = x->parent->parent;
      }
      else {
        if (x == x->parent->left) {
          x = x->parent;
          __rb_tree_rotate_right(x, root);
        }
        x->parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
        x->parent->parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
        __rb_tree_rotate_left(x->parent->parent, root);
      }
    }
  }
  root->color = __rb_tree_black;
}

inline __rb_tree_node_base*
__rb_tree_rebalance_for_erase(__rb_tree_node_base* z,
                              __rb_tree_node_base*& root,
                              __rb_tree_node_base*& leftmost,
                              __rb_tree_node_base*& rightmost)
{
  __rb_tree_node_base* y = z;
  __rb_tree_node_base* x = 0;
  __rb_tree_node_base* x_parent = 0;
  if (y->left == 0)             // z has at most one non-null child. y == z.
    x = y->right;               // x might be null.
  else
    if (y->right == 0)          // z has exactly one non-null child.  y == z.
      x = y->left;              // x is not null.
    else {                      // z has two non-null children.  Set y to
      y = y->right;             //   z's successor.  x might be null.
      while (y->left != 0)
        y = y->left;
      x = y->right;
    }
  if (y != z) {                 // relink y in place of z.  y is z's successor
    z->left->parent = y; 
    y->left = z->left;
    if (y != z->right) {
      x_parent = y->parent;
      if (x) x->parent = y->parent;
      y->parent->left = x;      // y must be a left child
      y->right = z->right;
      z->right->parent = y;
    }
    else
      x_parent = y;  
    if (root == z)
      root = y;
    else if (z->parent->left == z)
      z->parent->left = y;
    else 
      z->parent->right = y;
    y->parent = z->parent;
    __STD::swap(y->color, z->color);
    y = z;
    // y now points to node to be actually deleted
  }
  else {                        // y == z
    x_parent = y->parent;
    if (x) x->parent = y->parent;   
    if (root == z)
      root = x;
    else 
      if (z->parent->left == z)
        z->parent->left = x;
      else
        z->parent->right = x;
    if (leftmost == z) 
      if (z->right == 0)        // z->left must be null also
        leftmost = z->parent;
    // makes leftmost == header if z == root
      else
        leftmost = __rb_tree_node_base::minimum(x);
    if (rightmost == z)  
      if (z->left == 0)         // z->right must be null also
        rightmost = z->parent;  
    // makes rightmost == header if z == root
      else                      // x == z->left
        rightmost = __rb_tree_node_base::maximum(x);
  }
  if (y->color != __rb_tree_red) { 
    while (x != root && (x == 0 || x->color == __rb_tree_black))
      if (x == x_parent->left) {
        __rb_tree_node_base* w = x_parent->right;
        if (w->color == __rb_tree_red) {
          w->color = __rb_tree_black;
          x_parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
          __rb_tree_rotate_left(x_parent, root);
          w = x_parent->right;
        }
        if ((w->left == 0 || w->left->color == __rb_tree_black) &&
            (w->right == 0 || w->right->color == __rb_tree_black)) {
          w->color = __rb_tree_red;
          x = x_parent;
          x_parent = x_parent->parent;
        } else {
          if (w->right == 0 || w->right->color == __rb_tree_black) {
            if (w->left) w->left->color = __rb_tree_black;
            w->color = __rb_tree_red;
            __rb_tree_rotate_right(w, root);
            w = x_parent->right;
          }
          w->color = x_parent->color;
          x_parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
          if (w->right) w->right->color = __rb_tree_black;
          __rb_tree_rotate_left(x_parent, root);
          break;
        }
      } else {                  // same as above, with right <-> left.
        __rb_tree_node_base* w = x_parent->left;
        if (w->color == __rb_tree_red) {
          w->color = __rb_tree_black;
          x_parent->color = __rb_tree_red;
          __rb_tree_rotate_right(x_parent, root);
          w = x_parent->left;
        }
        if ((w->right == 0 || w->right->color == __rb_tree_black) &&
            (w->left == 0 || w->left->color == __rb_tree_black)) {
          w->color = __rb_tree_red;
          x = x_parent;
          x_parent = x_parent->parent;
        } else {
          if (w->left == 0 || w->left->color == __rb_tree_black) {
            if (w->right) w->right->color = __rb_tree_black;
            w->color = __rb_tree_red;
            __rb_tree_rotate_left(w, root);
            w = x_parent->left;
          }
          w->color = x_parent->color;
          x_parent->color = __rb_tree_black;
          if (w->left) w->left->color = __rb_tree_black;
          __rb_tree_rotate_right(x_parent, root);
          break;
        }
      }
    if (x) x->color = __rb_tree_black;
  }
  return y;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare,
          class Alloc = alloc>
class rb_tree 
{
protected:
  typedef void* void_pointer;
  typedef __rb_tree_node_base* base_ptr;
  typedef __rb_tree_node<Value> rb_tree_node;
  typedef simple_alloc<rb_tree_node, Alloc> rb_tree_node_allocator;
  typedef __rb_tree_color_type color_type;
public:
  typedef Key key_type;
  typedef Value value_type;
  typedef value_type* pointer;
  typedef const value_type* const_pointer;
  typedef value_type& reference;
  typedef const value_type& const_reference;
  typedef rb_tree_node* link_type;
  typedef size_t size_type;
  typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
protected:
  link_type get_node() { return rb_tree_node_allocator::allocate(); }
  void put_node(link_type p) { rb_tree_node_allocator::deallocate(p); }

  link_type create_node(const value_type& x) {
    link_type tmp = get_node();
    __STL_TRY {
      construct(&tmp->value_field, x);
    }
    __STL_UNWIND(put_node(tmp));
    return tmp;
  }

  link_type clone_node(link_type x) {
    link_type tmp = create_node(x->value_field);
    tmp->color = x->color;
    tmp->left = 0;
    tmp->right = 0;
    return tmp;
  }

  void destroy_node(link_type p) {
    destroy(&p->value_field);
    put_node(p);
  }

protected:
  size_type node_count; // keeps track of size of tree
  link_type header;  
  Compare key_compare;

  link_type& root() const { return (link_type&) header->parent; }
  link_type& leftmost() const { return (link_type&) header->left; }
  link_type& rightmost() const { return (link_type&) header->right; }

  static link_type& left(link_type x) { return (link_type&)(x->left); }
  static link_type& right(link_type x) { return (link_type&)(x->right); }
  static link_type& parent(link_type x) { return (link_type&)(x->parent); }
  static reference value(link_type x) { return x->value_field; }
  static const Key& key(link_type x) { return KeyOfValue()(value(x)); }
  static color_type& color(link_type x) { return (color_type&)(x->color); }

  static link_type& left(base_ptr x) { return (link_type&)(x->left); }
  static link_type& right(base_ptr x) { return (link_type&)(x->right); }
  static link_type& parent(base_ptr x) { return (link_type&)(x->parent); }
  static reference value(base_ptr x) { return ((link_type)x)->value_field; }
  static const Key& key(base_ptr x) { return KeyOfValue()(value(link_type(x)));} 
  static color_type& color(base_ptr x) { return (color_type&)(link_type(x)->color); }

  static link_type minimum(link_type x) { 
    return (link_type)  __rb_tree_node_base::minimum(x);
  }
  static link_type maximum(link_type x) {
    return (link_type) __rb_tree_node_base::maximum(x);
  }

public:
  typedef __rb_tree_iterator<value_type, reference, pointer> iterator;
  typedef __rb_tree_iterator<value_type, const_reference, const_pointer> 
          const_iterator;

#ifdef __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
  typedef reverse_iterator<const_iterator> const_reverse_iterator;
  typedef reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;
#else /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */
  typedef reverse_bidirectional_iterator<iterator, value_type, reference,
                                         difference_type>
          reverse_iterator; 
  typedef reverse_bidirectional_iterator<const_iterator, value_type,
                                         const_reference, difference_type>
          const_reverse_iterator;
#endif /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */ 
private:
  iterator __insert(base_ptr x, base_ptr y, const value_type& v);
  link_type __copy(link_type x, link_type p);
  void __erase(link_type x);
  void init() {
    header = get_node();
    color(header) = __rb_tree_red; // used to distinguish header from 
                                   // root, in iterator.operator++
    root() = 0;
    leftmost() = header;
    rightmost() = header;
  }
public:
                                // allocation/deallocation
  rb_tree(const Compare& comp = Compare())
    : node_count(0), key_compare(comp) { init(); }

  rb_tree(const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x) 
    : node_count(0), key_compare(x.key_compare)
  { 
    header = get_node();
    color(header) = __rb_tree_red;
    if (x.root() == 0) {
      root() = 0;
      leftmost() = header;
      rightmost() = header;
    }
    else {
      __STL_TRY {
        root() = __copy(x.root(), header);
      }
      __STL_UNWIND(put_node(header));
      leftmost() = minimum(root());
      rightmost() = maximum(root());
    }
    node_count = x.node_count;
  }
  ~rb_tree() {
    clear();
    put_node(header);
  }
  rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& 
  operator=(const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x);

public:    
                                // accessors:
  Compare key_comp() const { return key_compare; }
  iterator begin() { return leftmost(); }
  const_iterator begin() const { return leftmost(); }
  iterator end() { return header; }
  const_iterator end() const { return header; }
  reverse_iterator rbegin() { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const { 
    return const_reverse_iterator(end()); 
  }
  reverse_iterator rend() { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
  const_reverse_iterator rend() const { 
    return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
  } 
  bool empty() const { return node_count == 0; }
  size_type size() const { return node_count; }
  size_type max_size() const { return size_type(-1); }

  void swap(rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& t) {
    __STD::swap(header, t.header);
    __STD::swap(node_count, t.node_count);
    __STD::swap(key_compare, t.key_compare);
  }
    
public:
                                // insert/erase
  pair<iterator,bool> insert_unique(const value_type& x);
  
  iterator insert_equal(const value_type& x);

  iterator insert_unique(iterator position, const value_type& x);
  
  iterator insert_equal(iterator position, const value_type& x);

#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES  
  template <class InputIterator>
  void insert_unique(InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
  template <class InputIterator>
  void insert_equal(InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
  void insert_unique(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
  void insert_unique(const value_type* first, const value_type* last);
  void insert_equal(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
  void insert_equal(const value_type* first, const value_type* last);
#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */

  void erase(iterator position);
  size_type erase(const key_type& x);
  void erase(iterator first, iterator last);
  void erase(const key_type* first, const key_type* last);
  void clear() {
    if (node_count != 0) {
      __erase(root());
      leftmost() = header;
      root() = 0;
      rightmost() = header;
      node_count = 0;
    }
  }      

public:
                                // set operations:
  iterator find(const key_type& x);
  const_iterator find(const key_type& x) const;
  size_type count(const key_type& x) const;
  iterator lower_bound(const key_type& x);
  const_iterator lower_bound(const key_type& x) const;
  iterator upper_bound(const key_type& x);
  const_iterator upper_bound(const key_type& x) const;
  pair<iterator,iterator> equal_range(const key_type& x);
  pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const key_type& x) const;

public:
                                // Debugging.
  bool __rb_verify() const;
};

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline bool operator==(const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x, 
                       const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& y) {
  return x.size() == y.size() && equal(x.begin(), x.end(), y.begin());
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline bool operator<(const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x, 
                      const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& y) {
  return lexicographical_compare(x.begin(), x.end(), y.begin(), y.end());
}

#ifdef __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline void swap(rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x, 
                 rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& y) {
  x.swap(y);
}

#endif /* __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER */


template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::
operator=(const rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>& x) {
  if (this != &x) {
                                // Note that Key may be a constant type.
    clear();
    node_count = 0;
    key_compare = x.key_compare;        
    if (x.root() == 0) {
      root() = 0;
      leftmost() = header;
      rightmost() = header;
    }
    else {
      root() = __copy(x.root(), header);
      leftmost() = minimum(root());
      rightmost() = maximum(root());
      node_count = x.node_count;
    }
  }
  return *this;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::
__insert(base_ptr x_, base_ptr y_, const Value& v) {
  link_type x = (link_type) x_;
  link_type y = (link_type) y_;
  link_type z;

  if (y == header || x != 0 || key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(y))) {
    z = create_node(v);
    left(y) = z;                // also makes leftmost() = z when y == header
    if (y == header) {
      root() = z;
      rightmost() = z;
    }
    else if (y == leftmost())
      leftmost() = z;           // maintain leftmost() pointing to min node
  }
  else {
    z = create_node(v);
    right(y) = z;
    if (y == rightmost())
      rightmost() = z;          // maintain rightmost() pointing to max node
  }
  parent(z) = y;
  left(z) = 0;
  right(z) = 0;
  __rb_tree_rebalance(z, header->parent);
  ++node_count;
  return iterator(z);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::insert_equal(const Value& v)
{
  link_type y = header;
  link_type x = root();
  while (x != 0) {
    y = x;
    x = key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(x)) ? left(x) : right(x);
  }
  return __insert(x, y, v);
}


template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
pair<typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator, bool>
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::insert_unique(const Value& v)
{
  link_type y = header;
  link_type x = root();
  bool comp = true;
  while (x != 0) {
    y = x;
    comp = key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(x));
    x = comp ? left(x) : right(x);
  }
  iterator j = iterator(y);   
  if (comp)
    if (j == begin())     
      return pair<iterator,bool>(__insert(x, y, v), true);
    else
      --j;
  if (key_compare(key(j.node), KeyOfValue()(v)))
    return pair<iterator,bool>(__insert(x, y, v), true);
  return pair<iterator,bool>(j, false);
}


template <class Key, class Val, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Val, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Val, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::insert_unique(iterator position,
                                                             const Val& v) {
  if (position.node == header->left) // begin()
    if (size() > 0 && key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(position.node)))
      return __insert(position.node, position.node, v);
  // first argument just needs to be non-null 
    else
      return insert_unique(v).first;
  else if (position.node == header) // end()
    if (key_compare(key(rightmost()), KeyOfValue()(v)))
      return __insert(0, rightmost(), v);
    else
      return insert_unique(v).first;
  else {
    iterator before = position;
    --before;
    if (key_compare(key(before.node), KeyOfValue()(v))
        && key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(position.node)))
      if (right(before.node) == 0)
        return __insert(0, before.node, v); 
      else
        return __insert(position.node, position.node, v);
    // first argument just needs to be non-null 
    else
      return insert_unique(v).first;
  }
}

template <class Key, class Val, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Val, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Val, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::insert_equal(iterator position,
                                                            const Val& v) {
  if (position.node == header->left) // begin()
    if (size() > 0 && key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(position.node)))
      return __insert(position.node, position.node, v);
  // first argument just needs to be non-null 
    else
      return insert_equal(v);
  else if (position.node == header) // end()
    if (!key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(rightmost())))
      return __insert(0, rightmost(), v);
    else
      return insert_equal(v);
  else {
    iterator before = position;
    --before;
    if (!key_compare(KeyOfValue()(v), key(before.node))
        && !key_compare(key(position.node), KeyOfValue()(v)))
      if (right(before.node) == 0)
        return __insert(0, before.node, v); 
      else
        return __insert(position.node, position.node, v);
    // first argument just needs to be non-null 
    else
      return insert_equal(v);
  }
}

#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES  

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class Al> template<class II>
void rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, Al>::insert_equal(II first, II last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_equal(*first);
}

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class Al> template<class II>
void rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, Al>::insert_unique(II first, II last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_unique(*first);
}

#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class Al>
void
rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, Al>::insert_equal(const V* first, const V* last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_equal(*first);
}

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class Al>
void
rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, Al>::insert_equal(const_iterator first,
                                          const_iterator last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_equal(*first);
}

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class A>
void 
rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, A>::insert_unique(const V* first, const V* last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_unique(*first);
}

template <class K, class V, class KoV, class Cmp, class A>
void 
rb_tree<K, V, KoV, Cmp, A>::insert_unique(const_iterator first,
                                          const_iterator last) {
  for ( ; first != last; ++first)
    insert_unique(*first);
}

#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
         
template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline void
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::erase(iterator position) {
  link_type y = (link_type) __rb_tree_rebalance_for_erase(position.node,
                                                          header->parent,
                                                          header->left,
                                                          header->right);
  destroy_node(y);
  --node_count;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::size_type 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::erase(const Key& x) {
  pair<iterator,iterator> p = equal_range(x);
  size_type n = 0;
  distance(p.first, p.second, n);
  erase(p.first, p.second);
  return n;
}

template <class K, class V, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<K, V, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::link_type 
rb_tree<K, V, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::__copy(link_type x, link_type p) {
                                // structural copy.  x and p must be non-null.
  link_type top = clone_node(x);
  top->parent = p;
 
  __STL_TRY {
    if (x->right)
      top->right = __copy(right(x), top);
    p = top;
    x = left(x);

    while (x != 0) {
      link_type y = clone_node(x);
      p->left = y;
      y->parent = p;
      if (x->right)
        y->right = __copy(right(x), y);
      p = y;
      x = left(x);
    }
  }
  __STL_UNWIND(__erase(top));

  return top;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
void rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::__erase(link_type x) {
                                // erase without rebalancing
  while (x != 0) {
    __erase(right(x));
    link_type y = left(x);
    destroy_node(x);
    x = y;
  }
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
void rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::erase(iterator first, 
                                                            iterator last) {
  if (first == begin() && last == end())
    clear();
  else
    while (first != last) erase(first++);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
void rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::erase(const Key* first, 
                                                            const Key* last) {
  while (first != last) erase(*first++);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::find(const Key& k) {
  link_type y = header;        // Last node which is not less than k. 
  link_type x = root();        // Current node. 

  while (x != 0) 
    if (!key_compare(key(x), k))
      y = x, x = left(x);
    else
      x = right(x);

  iterator j = iterator(y);   
  return (j == end() || key_compare(k, key(j.node))) ? end() : j;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::const_iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::find(const Key& k) const {
  link_type y = header; /* Last node which is not less than k. */
  link_type x = root(); /* Current node. */

  while (x != 0) {
    if (!key_compare(key(x), k))
      y = x, x = left(x);
    else
      x = right(x);
  }
  const_iterator j = const_iterator(y);   
  return (j == end() || key_compare(k, key(j.node))) ? end() : j;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::size_type 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::count(const Key& k) const {
  pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> p = equal_range(k);
  size_type n = 0;
  distance(p.first, p.second, n);
  return n;
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::lower_bound(const Key& k) {
  link_type y = header; /* Last node which is not less than k. */
  link_type x = root(); /* Current node. */

  while (x != 0) 
    if (!key_compare(key(x), k))
      y = x, x = left(x);
    else
      x = right(x);

  return iterator(y);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::const_iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::lower_bound(const Key& k) const {
  link_type y = header; /* Last node which is not less than k. */
  link_type x = root(); /* Current node. */

  while (x != 0) 
    if (!key_compare(key(x), k))
      y = x, x = left(x);
    else
      x = right(x);

  return const_iterator(y);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::upper_bound(const Key& k) {
  link_type y = header; /* Last node which is greater than k. */
  link_type x = root(); /* Current node. */

   while (x != 0) 
     if (key_compare(k, key(x)))
       y = x, x = left(x);
     else
       x = right(x);

   return iterator(y);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::const_iterator 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::upper_bound(const Key& k) const {
  link_type y = header; /* Last node which is greater than k. */
  link_type x = root(); /* Current node. */

   while (x != 0) 
     if (key_compare(k, key(x)))
       y = x, x = left(x);
     else
       x = right(x);

   return const_iterator(y);
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline pair<typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator,
            typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::iterator>
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::equal_range(const Key& k) {
  return pair<iterator, iterator>(lower_bound(k), upper_bound(k));
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KoV, class Compare, class Alloc>
inline pair<typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KoV, Compare, Alloc>::const_iterator,
            typename rb_tree<Key, Value, KoV, Compare, Alloc>::const_iterator>
rb_tree<Key, Value, KoV, Compare, Alloc>::equal_range(const Key& k) const {
  return pair<const_iterator,const_iterator>(lower_bound(k), upper_bound(k));
}

inline int __black_count(__rb_tree_node_base* node, __rb_tree_node_base* root)
{
  if (node == 0)
    return 0;
  else {
    int bc = node->color == __rb_tree_black ? 1 : 0;
    if (node == root)
      return bc;
    else
      return bc + __black_count(node->parent, root);
  }
}

template <class Key, class Value, class KeyOfValue, class Compare, class Alloc>
bool 
rb_tree<Key, Value, KeyOfValue, Compare, Alloc>::__rb_verify() const
{
  if (node_count == 0 || begin() == end())
    return node_count == 0 && begin() == end() &&
      header->left == header && header->right == header;
  
  int len = __black_count(leftmost(), root());
  for (const_iterator it = begin(); it != end(); ++it) {
    link_type x = (link_type) it.node;
    link_type L = left(x);
    link_type R = right(x);

    if (x->color == __rb_tree_red)
      if ((L && L->color == __rb_tree_red) ||
          (R && R->color == __rb_tree_red))
        return false;

    if (L && key_compare(key(x), key(L)))
      return false;
    if (R && key_compare(key(R), key(x)))
      return false;

    if (!L && !R && __black_count(x, root()) != len)
      return false;
  }

  if (leftmost() != __rb_tree_node_base::minimum(root()))
    return false;
  if (rightmost() != __rb_tree_node_base::maximum(root()))
    return false;

  return true;
}

__STL_END_NAMESPACE 

#endif /* __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_TREE_H */